Solar Project Finance
Solar Project Financing for Developers
Solar lenders are not funding your enthusiasm. They fund a controlled project company, a bankable contract stack, and a model that ties back to permits, grid, EPC, and operating assumptions.
This page is a practical guide to getting term sheets for solar projects, from development and construction through operation. For context on the broader market, see the IEA Solar PV overview.
If you want the lender workflow, submit your project here: Submit Your Deal.
What “Solar Project Financing” Actually Covers
Solar project financing is capital raised against a specific asset or portfolio, sized to contracted cash flows and protected by controls.
It can include development bridge, construction debt, long-term term debt, mezzanine, preferred equity, and sponsor equity.
In some markets, additional structures exist that reference tax attributes or credit transfer mechanics.
Quick framing:
lenders underwrite the project’s ability to build, connect, operate, and pay. Your job is to prove those points with documents, controls, and a model that reconciles.
What Capital Providers Underwrite
1) Revenue Certainty
- PPA, offtake, tariff, or contracted route-to-market
- Counterparty quality and enforceability
- Indexation and curtailment logic where relevant
- Termination rights and compensation mechanics
2) Buildability
- Site control and land rights
- Permits status and conditions precedent
- Interconnection path, timelines, and constraints
- EPC scope, testing, liquidated damages, warranties
3) Operability
- O&M regime, KPIs, and remedies
- Insurance program and claims process
- Spare parts, availability planning, and reporting
- Performance assumptions that match equipment and site data
4) Control Set
- Project SPV with ring-fencing and clear governance
- Controlled accounts and a cash waterfall
- Reserve logic, reporting cadence, and covenant perimeter
- Security package and enforceable step-in paths
Capital Stack Options
Your stack should match stage risk. Early-stage risk needs different capital than operating assets. Mixing them without discipline is a common reason projects stall.
If you want the deeper structuring context, see What Is a Project Finance Transaction
and Why SPVs Are Used in Project Finance.
| Stack Layer |
Best Fit Stage |
What It Pays For |
Typical Underwrite Focus |
| Development Equity or Bridge |
Pre-NTP |
Permitting, grid work, studies, deposits, early EPC work |
Permits path, interconnection plan, sponsor execution record, exit to construction funding |
| Construction Debt |
NTP to COD |
Capex and construction working capital |
EPC terms, completion tests, schedule buffers, security, draw controls |
| Term Debt |
Post-COD |
Refinance construction debt, stabilise long tenor repayments |
Cash flows, PPA terms, availability, curtailment, DSCR constraints and covenants |
| Mezzanine or Preferred Equity |
Bridge gaps |
Fills leverage constraints or accelerates buildout |
Intercreditor mechanics, payment subordination, downside protection |
| Sponsor Equity |
All stages |
First-loss capital and alignment |
Skin in the game, decision rights, support obligations during completion |
Bankability Checklist for Solar Projects
The fastest path to term sheets is a file that underwrites cleanly. This means clarity, not volume.
A good reference is our guide on packaging lender-grade materials: What Lenders Want in a Project Finance Deck.
Commercial
- PPA or route-to-market evidence
- Tariff, indexation, and settlement mechanics
- Counterparty diligence and concentration risk
- Revenue downside narrative with mitigants
Technical and Delivery
- Resource data and performance assumptions
- EPC scope, LDs, warranties, acceptance testing
- Equipment sourcing plan and logistics constraints
- Construction schedule with critical path logic
Legal and Permitting
- Land rights, leases, servitudes, and site control
- Permits list with status, dependencies, and timing
- Interconnection agreement and grid milestones
- Corporate structure and SPV ring-fencing approach
Finance and Controls
- Integrated financial model with sources and uses
- Cash waterfall, accounts, and reserve logic
- Reporting pack and covenant monitoring plan
- Security scope and enforcement path narrative
Document Set We Use to Underwrite and Place
Most delays come from gaps between the story, the model, and the documents. The list below is what serious capital providers will request early.
If you are still mapping the project finance process, see What Are the Steps in Project Finance.
| Category |
Documents |
What Lenders Look For |
| Corporate |
SPV details, ownership chart, directors, governance, KYB pack |
Ring-fencing credibility, decision rights, clean ownership and compliance |
| Commercial |
PPA or offtake, tariff approvals, buyer diligence, settlement terms |
Enforceability, payment certainty, termination and cure rights |
| Engineering |
EPC term sheet or contract, scope, schedule, LDs, testing, warranties |
Completion certainty, remedies for delay and underperformance |
| Operations |
O&M term sheet or contract, KPIs, insurance plan, operations budget |
Availability protections, reporting discipline, insurable risk profile |
| Permits and Grid |
Permits matrix, land rights, interconnection, grid studies, milestones |
Critical path clarity, realistic timing, no hidden conditions |
| Financial |
Model, assumptions book, sources and uses, sensitivities, base case |
Reconciled logic, downside resilience, sizing discipline |
Our Work Product: From Submission to Written Outcomes
Financely is an advisor. We structure and package your project to lender standards, then route it to matched capital providers and manage decisioning to written outcomes.
For our project finance mandate overview, see Project Finance
and for the broader firm overview, see What We Do.
1) Bankability Gap View
We review the submitted file and identify the specific gaps that will cause credit, legal, or technical pushback.
You get a clean checklist tied to lender questions, not generic advice.
- Contract stack integrity checks
- Model reconciliation to documents
- Controls and reporting plan
2) Lender-Ready Underwriting Pack
We build a lender-ready pack that a credit team can circulate internally without rewriting your story.
This is where speed is won.
- Underwriting memo and executive credit summary
- Data room index and document hygiene
- Capital stack logic and sizing constraints
3) Matched Outreach and Decisioning
We route the mandate to a focused set of capital providers that fit your jurisdiction, stage, and structure.
We manage follow-ups and lender Q&A and keep the process inside a controlled workflow.
- Targeted submission strategy
- Q&A routing with version control
- Term sheet comparison matrix once received
4) Term Sheet to Close Support
Once term sheets arrive, the work becomes execution detail.
We help align covenant, security, accounts, and conditions precedent so the deal can close.
- Conditions precedent planning
- Accounts and waterfall alignment
- Close checklist governance and pacing
Indicative Timeline
Timelines are driven by document readiness and responsiveness. A clean file moves faster than a complex story with missing contracts.
Use this as a practical reference for pacing and dependencies.
| Phase |
What Happens |
What You Control |
| Submission |
Project intake and initial screening for fit and bankability direction |
Quality of summary, documents, and model completeness |
| Structuring |
Gap view, sizing logic, controls mapping, and lender-ready pack build |
Turnaround on missing items, contract versions, assumptions clarity |
| Outreach |
Matched submissions, lender Q&A, follow-ups, and term sheet pursuit |
Responsiveness to diligence questions and documentary consistency |
| Execution |
Legal docs, security, accounts, conditions precedent, and close management |
Speed of third parties, counsel, technical reports, permits completion |
FAQ
Can I raise solar project finance without a signed PPA?
Sometimes, but expect higher pricing, lower leverage, and heavier controls. If revenue is not contracted, lenders will lean on sponsor strength, alternative credit supports, or staged funding tied to milestones.
Do lenders fund projects that are not fully permitted?
Not in the way most developers hope. Capital may exist for development, but construction debt usually requires clear permit conditions and a credible path to NTP and COD.
What size of solar projects can you support?
Single assets and portfolios both work. The key is whether the documentation, counterparties, and controls justify a scalable underwriting and monitoring process.
Do you work in emerging markets?
Yes, subject to country risk, enforceability, and counterparty profile. Expect more focus on controls, security, and hard evidence of permits, grid, and revenue collectability.
See our regional view here: Solar Project Finance for Africa, India and Latin America.
Does the SPV need to exist before we start?
Not always, but the structure must be clear early. Lenders want a clean borrower entity with ring-fencing, clear ownership, and governance that supports enforcement and reporting.
What is the fastest way to get term sheets?
Submit a complete file, keep one clean version of each contract, and ensure the model ties back to those documents. Loose narratives and conflicting drafts create weeks of avoidable friction.
Request a Quote
If you want term sheets, start with a lender-grade file. Submit your project details, contracts, permits status, and model.
We will revert with a structured checklist and next steps.
Important:
This page is for general information only and does not constitute legal, tax, investment, or regulatory advice.
Financely is not a bank, not a broker-dealer, and not a direct lender.
Any engagement and any introduction process is subject to diligence, KYB, KYC, AML, sanctions screening, capital provider criteria, and definitive documentation.
Financely does not promise approvals or funding.