If you build carbon projects, cash doesn’t arrive because you’re “making impact.” It arrives because contracts are bankable, verification lands on schedule, and price risk is boxed in. Below is the practical playbook: how credits turn into money and the financing models that fund before or at issuance.
| Step | What happens | Payout trigger | Timing band* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Validation | Project design checked by an accredited validator (VVB) against methodology | No payouts yet (milestone funding possible) | ~2–6 months |
| Monitoring period | Data gathered (REDD+, cookstoves, renewables, etc.) per plan | Prepay/stream may fund against milestones | 3–12+ months |
| Verification | VVB verifies reductions/removals for the monitoring period | First major payout in prepay models (escrow release) | ~1–4 months |
| Issuance & registry | Credits minted on registry (assigned to buyer or pledged account) | Payout on delivery/transfer under ERPA or stream | ~2–8 weeks |
*Timing is range-based and depends on project type, methodology, and registry queues.
| Model | When it works | Advance / Pricing | Security & controls | Payout timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prepay against ERPA | Clear ERPA with credible buyer; MRV plan locked | Advance 30%–70% of expected near-term issuances; price = fixed or index − discount | Assignment of receivables/credits, registry account control, project SPV pledge; escrow with milestone releases | Funds at signing (partial), then on verification/issuance |
| Stream (future % of credits) | Long-life projects with repeat issuances; developer wants price upside sharing | Upfront capital for 10%–40% of future issuances; pricing via floor/collar or % of spot | Stream deed, negative pledge on credits, account control, performance covenants | Upfront at close; then periodic deliveries as issued |
| Offtake-backed debt | Signed offtake with rated or well-capitalized buyer; predictable issuance | Advance rate 50%–80% of contracted deliveries; interest = benchmark + 4%–9% | Assignment of ERPA proceeds, consent from buyer, account control, debt covenants | Draws at close; amortizes from offtake cash |
| Risk | What we put in place |
|---|---|
| Non-delivery / shortfall | Make-up delivery rights, step-down pricing, insurance options, conservative baselines |
| Methodology / down-rating | Update clauses, eligibility reps, carve-outs for fundamental changes |
| Permanence | Buffer pool participation, monitoring commitments, remediation plan |
| Counterparty | KYC, financial capacity checks, consent to assignment, escrow mechanics |
| Registry / title | Assignment of registry rights, controlled account, clear chain of title |
| Line item | Range / Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ticket size | USD 1m–50m(typical) | Larger by syndication and buyer quality |
| Structure | Prepay • Stream • Offtake-backed debt | Picked after MRV and offtake review |
| Pricing | Fixed • Floor + share • Collar • Index-linked | Index with fallback and basis clause |
| Advance / proceeds | Prepay 30%–70%; Debt 50%–80%; Stream upfront negotiated | Against near-term verified volumes |
| Security | Assignment of credits/receivables, account control, SPV/share pledge | Consent from buyer where needed |
| Covenants | MRV reporting, verification schedule, no leakage of credits, negative pledge | Make-up delivery if shortfalls occur |
| Close timing | ~ 4–10 weeks(clean file) | Add time for new methodologies or complex title |
Send the PDD, issuance plan, and any offtake drafts. We’ll map a prepay, stream, or debt option that funds — with price protection you can live with.
Get Carbon Financing Options Do you fund pre-issuance?
Yes, via prepay or stream with milestone releases and controls. Size ties to verified near-term volumes and buyer quality.
What if credits under-deliver?
Make-up delivery, step-down pricing, or buyback clauses cover shortfalls. Insurance can backstop part of the risk.
Fixed price or index-linked?
Both are workable. Floors/collars help approve credit while leaving upside for the developer.
Minimum ticket?
Typical minimum is around USD 1 million. Smaller cases can bundle if the issuance schedule is tight and buyers are credible.
Who holds the registry account?
The project SPV holds it; proceeds/credits are assigned with account control so funders are paid on delivery.
This page is informational. Any financing depends on credit approval, KYC/AML, verification outcomes, registry rules, and executed agreements. Pricing and advance rates vary by project type, methodology, buyer strength, and market conditions.
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