Trade Finance
Trade Finance Capital Raising Methodology
A controlled, chronological process for structuring, underwriting, and placing trade finance facilities for qualified clients.
Coverage includes Documentary Letters of Credit (at sight and UPAS), Standby Letters of Credit under ISP98, confirmations and reimbursements, receivables programs, SPV and trustee governance, gap financing, and securitization pathways.
The objective is predictable issuance, controlled settlement, and repeatable liquidity built on documented evidence and enforceable controls.
Context
Many capable exporters, importers, and distributors face a financing gap: suppliers demand cash or confirmed instruments, buyers demand terms, and the document set often fails late due to inconsistencies, missing evidence, or settlement routing changes.
This methodology reduces those failure points by producing a decision-grade file, fixing instrument wording early, and placing the facility in a sequence that protects issuance and settlement.
Scope And Operating Model
Coverage
Documentary Letters of Credit at sight and UPAS, Standby Letters of Credit under ISP98, confirmations and reimbursements, receivables and supply chain programs, short-tenor bridges for operational gaps, and program migration to SPV structures where volumes and data quality support it.
Operating Model
Financely acts as advisor and arranger. Issuance and lending are performed by third-party capital providers and regulated banks, subject to their credit and compliance approvals.
For recurring flows, controls are documented through eligibility rules, controlled accounts, and cash waterfalls managed by a trustee or collateral agent where appropriate.
Standard Operating Procedure: Five-Step Close
- Mandate.
Engagement executed, retainer received, data room checklist issued, and timetable locked.
- Underwriting.
KYC and sanctions screening, counterparty verification, trade-flow mapping, document and logistics review, insurance validation, and draft wording prepared.
- Term Sheet.
Facility structure, pricing ranges, collateral and control package, CP list, draw mechanics, discrepancy handling, and reporting cadence.
- Allocation And Documents.
Targeted outreach, comparable indications collected, allocation confirmed, drafts negotiated, CP tracker cleared, and funds flow documented to the account level.
- Issuance And Settlement.
LC or SBLC issued, confirmations set where required, advising and reimbursement instructions executed, settlement monitored, and reporting initiated.
Quality rule:
If an independent reviewer cannot reconstruct the transaction story and settlement path from the file, the facility will stall.
Underwriting File
Underwriting produces a bankable package designed to minimize rework during allocation and documentation. The file typically covers:
(i) corporate documentation and ownership, (ii) financials and working capital profile, (iii) trade-flow evidence and performance history,
(iv) contracts, Incoterms, and counterparty deliverables, (v) logistics trail and inspection regime, (vi) insurance and endorsements aligned to the risk and document set,
(vii) settlement routing and bank touchpoints, (viii) collateral and control structure, and (ix) reporting and covenant framework.
Minimum Data Pack
Corporate registry documents, authorized signatory evidence, audited or management financials, AR and AP aging, bank statements where relevant, trade contracts, pro forma invoices, logistics documents available to date, insurance documents, and proposed settlement instructions.
Decision Outputs
A structured credit and transaction narrative, draft instrument wording where applicable, a control map (accounts, assignments, reserves), a CP list, and an exceptions log that states what is missing and what evidence clears it.
Gap Financing Controls
Gap financing addresses near-term constraints that block issuance or scaling, including cash margin requirements imposed by issuing banks, pre-shipment costs before proceeds recycle, timing mismatches between payable cycles and receivable collections, and ramp-up periods where historical performance is limited.
Typical Sources
Short-tenor private credit lines secured by assignment of proceeds and controlled accounts, receivables advance programs under eligibility rules, UPAS structures that deliver sight funds to suppliers while tenor sits with buyers, and junior capital at SPV or holding level where coverage supports it.
Control Package
Controlled or blocked accounts, escrow waterfalls, inspection and presentation tests, concentration limits, reserve sizing, trustee or collateral agent oversight, and documented enforcement rights. The objective is first access to cash flows and reduced leakage.
Control requirement:
any bridge must have a defined repayment source and a documented funds flow that the senior issuer or lender will accept.
Facility Mechanics: DLC, UPAS, SBLC
- Documentary Letter of Credit (DLC).
Presentation rules are fixed in the credit. Document coherence must match the commercial contract and logistics reality. Discrepancy management is agreed upfront, including cure windows and waiver authority.
- UPAS (Usance Payable At Sight).
Supplier receives sight payment. The buyer repays at tenor. The facility must clearly document reimbursement mechanics, maturity, and who bears discount and fees.
- SBLC Under ISP98.
Draw events and draw documents must be defined precisely. Where used as collateral for borrowing, lenders apply issuer tests, wording tests, jurisdiction screening, and haircuts. The structure must document notices, cure periods, and draw mechanics.
- Issuance And Routing.
Issuer, advising bank, confirming bank (if any), and reimbursing bank (if any) are defined and screened. Settlement instructions are confirmed in writing and controlled through documented changes only.
Program Structures: SPV, Trustee, Securitization
For recurring flows and predictable volumes, the structure can migrate from transaction-by-transaction execution into a program.
Receivables may be transferred to an SPV under documented sale mechanics where legally supportable.
A professional trustee or collateral agent can hold security, enforce eligibility rules, manage controlled accounts, and administer the cash waterfall.
Where scale and reporting support it, senior and subordinated notes may be issued against a receivables pool with defined triggers, reserves, and performance tests.
The program must specify eligibility, concentration limits, dilution and dispute reserves, servicer duties, reporting cadence, and replacement events.
Distribution And Bankability
Distribution is targeted to issuers and lenders that fit ticket size, tenor, commodity or sector, jurisdiction, and control requirements.
Indications are collected on a comparable template capturing rates, fees, collateral, reporting, covenants, CPs, and operational constraints.
A file is bankable when counterparties are verified, performance history or mitigants are credible, the document set is coherent, insurance is enforceable, settlement routing is acceptable, and controls are documented without ambiguity.
Fees
Retainers fund underwriting, document review, draft wording coordination, issuer and lender engagement, data room build, timetable control, and recorded decisions.
Bank, legal, diligence, and third-party costs are paid at cost against estimates.
Success fees, if any, are payable on issuance or funding as defined in the mandate.
Retainers are not refundable once underwriting begins.
FAQ
Do you issue letters of credit or Standby Letters of Credit?
No. Financely is not a bank. Issuance is performed by regulated banks and other approved third-party providers, subject to their approvals and compliance screening.
Can you send MT799 or MT760 before underwriting is complete?
No. Messages, drafts, and allocations follow underwriting, cleared wording, and defined conditions precedent. Anything else creates compliance risk and increases execution failure.
Can a client start with one transaction before building a program?
Yes. A single transaction can be used to validate counterparties, document coherence, and settlement controls. If performance and data quality support it, the structure can be expanded into a repeat program.
Can an SBLC be borrowed against at 100% of face value?
No. Lenders apply issuer and wording tests and then apply a haircut. The workable advance is determined by policy, jurisdiction, tenor, and enforceability of the draw mechanics.
What most often delays issuance or funding?
Incomplete data rooms, unverified counterparties, late changes to settlement instructions, insurance that does not match the required wording, and discrepancies across the document set.
Do you guarantee funding or issuance?
No. Outcomes depend on credit quality, structure, documentation, compliance clearance, and market capacity. We operate on a best-efforts basis and proceed where a defendable file can be produced.
Glossary
DLC.
Documentary Letter of Credit issued under UCP 600 with defined presentation requirements.
UPAS.
Usance Payable At Sight structure where the supplier receives sight funds and the buyer pays at tenor.
SBLC.
Standby Letter of Credit commonly issued under ISP98 with defined draw events and draw documents.
Advising Bank.
Bank that authenticates and advises an LC or SBLC to the beneficiary.
Confirming Bank.
Bank that adds its undertaking to the LC, subject to its terms and confirmation agreement.
Assignment Of Proceeds.
Direction of proceeds to a controlled account to support repayment and reduce leakage.
Eligibility Criteria.
Rules defining which receivables or transactions qualify for funding in a program.
Waterfall.
Priority order for cash application to fees, interest, principal, reserves, and releases.
SPV.
Special purpose vehicle used to hold assets, issue notes, and support controlled governance.
Disclaimer: This methodology is provided for general information only and does not constitute legal, tax, investment, or regulatory advice.
Financely is not a bank, not a broker-dealer, and not a direct lender.
All services are performed on a best-efforts basis as an arranger and advisor through third-party capital providers and, where required, regulated execution partners.
No financing outcome is guaranteed. Any terms are subject to diligence, lender and issuer approvals, definitive documentation, and compliance screening, including KYC, AML, and sanctions.